Experimental methods in chemical engineering: High performance liquid chromatography—HPLC

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identifies compounds in a sample and quantifies their concentration. The instrument consists of an injector that introduces μL to mobile phase carries the analytes across column filled with adsorbing substance. adsorb desorb at different rates as they flow down are thereby separated. Detectors record signal proportional concentration analyte phase. Laboratories apply modern HPLC systems for research development, quality control, safety, validation. Academia industry resort purify, identify, characterize wide variety molecules all stages process. Developing analytical method is long laborious process requiring standards, calibration curves, derivatization, multiple tests identify appropriate column, stationary phase, rate, temperature, Optimal operating conditions maintain good resolution (high signal-to-noise ratio low peak overlap) while minimizing analysis time. Web Science Core Collection indexed 8900 articles 2019, which relatively few compared x-ray scanning electron microscopy. However, it such ubiquitous technique we estimate number report experimental section order magnitude higher. bibliometric keywords identified four clusters: phenolics flavonoids, extraction pharmacokinetics, vitro oxidative stress, optimization. Here, detail walkthrough basic steps required develop chromatographic method.